MODERN DIAGNOSTIC CAPABILITIES VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY
Keywords:
Key words: B12- deficiency anemia, internal Castle factor, macrocytic anemia, methylmalonic acid, homocysteine.Abstract
Annotation. Vitamin B12 deficiency is not uncommon, particularly in certain
patient populations such as elderly, neuropsychiatric, and psychiatric patients.
Hematological changes, including macrocytic anemia, are a more well-known
symptom, but are not always present or are revealed later in the disease course.
However, the advances over the last few decades, from the use of the obsolete Schilling
test and total serum vitamin B12 level to newer methods such as holo-transcobalamin
II, the metabolites methylmalonic acid and homocysteine, antibody testing, and gastrin
levels, have created a more accurate diagnosis of the disease. Total serum vitamin
B12 level, though sometimes misleading, remains a mainstay of clinical diagnosis. In
this work, we will discuss vitamin B12 deficiency, various diagnostic tests, and an
algorithm used in the investigation of vitamin B12 deficiency.
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